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Vol. 297, Issue 1, 1-10, April 2001
Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit
Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
There are a number of virus-specific processes within the virus
replicative cycle or virus-infected cell that have proven to be
attractive targets for chemotherapeutic intervention, i.e., virus adsorption and entry into the cells, reverse (RNA 
DNA) transcription, viral DNA polymerization, and cellular enzymatic reactions that are associated with viral DNA and RNA synthesis and
viral mRNA maturation (i.e., methylation). A variety of
chemotherapeutic agents, both nucleoside (and nucleotide) and
non-nucleoside entities, have been identified that specifically
interact with these viral targets, that selectively inhibit virus
replication, and that are either used or considered for clinical use in
the treatment of virus infections in humans. Their indications
encompass virtually all major human viral pathogens, including human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes simplex
virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human
papilloma virus (HPV), orthomyxoviruses (influenza A and B),
paramyxoviruses [e.g., respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)] and
hemorrhagic fever viruses (such as Ebola virus).
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