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Vol. 296, Issue 2, 252-259, February 2001
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Experiments were performed to investigate whether nitric-oxide synthase
(NOS) activity can be detected in vascular smooth muscle (VSM)
from 12- to 14-week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
Concentration-response curves to norepinephrine (NE) of superior
mesenteric arteries from diabetic and age- and gender-matched control
rats were obtained in the presence of dexamethasone (0.1 µM) to
prevent in vitro induction of iNOS. Incubation of endothelium-intact arteries from diabetic rats with the nonselective NOS inhibitor, N5-(1-iminoethyl)L-ornithine
(L-NIO) (300 µM), increased the NE sensitivity (expressed
as the pD2 or 
log EC50) from 6.58 ± 0.05 to 8.39 ± 0.12 (mean ± S.E.M., n = 8). L-NIO produced a significantly smaller increase in the
NE pD2 value in endothelium-intact arteries from control
rats (from 6.51 ± 0.03 to 7.08 ± 0.03, p < 0.05). On endothelium removal,
L-NIO still increased the NE pD2 value in
diabetic arteries, from 7.48 ± 0.03 to 8.38 ± 0.15 (p < 0.05), but had no effect in control arteries.
The selective iNOS inhibitor S-ethylisothiourea (EIT),
but not the selective nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NINA), produced
an increase in the NE pD2 value in endothelium-denuded
mesenteric arteries from diabetic but not control rats.
Immunohistochemical staining indicated the presence of iNOS (but not
eNOS or nNOS) in the medial and adventitial layers of mesenteric
arteries from diabetic but not control rats. Quantitative measurement
of cytosolic NOS activity indicated no significant calcium-dependent
(nNOS) activity in control or diabetic arteries, or calcium-independent
(iNOS) activity in control arteries. However, significant
calcium-independent (iNOS) activity was detected in diabetic arteries.
These data suggest that iNOS is functionally expressed in VSM of
arteries from 12- to 14-week STZ-diabetic rats. The possible causes and
consequences of the iNOS induction are discussed.
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