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Vol. 294, Issue 3, 1076-1082, September 2000
Department of Pharmacology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,
Omaha, Nebraska
Previous studies showed that human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells
treated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a pertussis toxin
(PTX)-sensitive G protein-coupled (GPC) mitogen, simultaneously with
epidermal growth factor (EGF), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)
mitogen, exhibit markedly synergistic stimulation of
mitogenesis. We now show that the RTK mitogens basic fibroblast
growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin,
platelet-derived growth factor-AA, and platelet-derived growth
factor-BB, as well as transforming growth factor-
, all induced
synergistic stimulation of mitogenesis in the presence of LPA. The
PTX-sensitive GPC mitogens carbachol and endothelin-1 and the
PTX-insensitive GPC mitogens sphingosine-1-phosphate and thrombin
exhibited synergistic stimulation together with EGF. Several RTK-RTK
growth factor pairs and GPC-GPC mitogen pairs were also synergistic.
HASM cells showed synergistic responses to serum plus EGF but not to
serum plus LPA. Testing various other cell types showed that synergism
between LPA and EGF occurred in other smooth muscle cells because both
vascular smooth muscle cells and mesangial cells exhibited synergism.
Additionally, human fetal lung fibroblasts also showed striking
synergism. These results indicate that HASM cells can respond
synergistically to a wide variety of mitogen combinations and that this
synergism is a feature shared with other contractile cell types.
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