![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
Vol. 288, Issue 3, 1357-1366, March 1999
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of
Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
Upon activation, brain microglial cells release proinflammatory
mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), which may play an important role
in the central nervous system antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor
activities. However, excessive release of NO has been postulated to
elicit immune-mediated neurodegenerative inflammatory processes and to
cause brain injury. In the present study, the effect of cannabinoids on
the release of NO from endotoxin/cytokine-activated rat cortical
microglial cells was evaluated. A drug dose-dependent (0.1 µM-8 µM) inhibition of NO release from rat microglial
cells was exerted by the cannabinoid receptor high-affinity binding enantiomer (
)-CP55940. In contrast, a minimal inhibitory effect was
exerted by the lower affinity binding paired enantiomer (+)-CP56667. Pretreatment of microglial cells with the
G
i/Go protein inactivator pertussis
toxin, cyclic AMP reconstitution with the cell-permeable analog
dibutyryl-cAMP, or treatment of cells with the G
s
activator cholera toxin, resulted in reversal of the
()-CP55940-mediated inhibition of NO release. A similar reversal in
()-CP55940-mediated inhibition of NO release was effected when
microglial cells were pretreated with the central cannabinoid receptor
(CB1) selective antagonist SR141716A. Mutagenic reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western immunoblot assay using
a CB1 receptor amine terminal domain-specific antibody, and cellular
colocalization of CB1 and the microglial marker Griffonia
simplicifolia isolectin B4 confirmed the expression
of the CB1 receptor in rat microglial cells. Collectively, these
results indicate a functional linkage between the CB1 receptor and
cannabinoid-mediated inhibition of NO production by rat microglial cells.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Zhang and C. Chen Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Protects Neurons by Limiting COX-2 Elevation J. Biol. Chem., August 15, 2008; 283(33): 22601 - 22611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. H. Kim, S. J. Won, X. O. Mao, C. Ledent, K. Jin, and D. A. Greenberg Role for Neuronal Nitric-Oxide Synthase in Cannabinoid-Induced Neurogenesis J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., October 1, 2006; 319(1): 150 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Pacher, S. Batkai, and G. Kunos The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy Pharmacol. Rev., September 1, 2006; 58(3): 389 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. H. Kim, S. J. Won, X. O. Mao, K. Jin, and D. A. Greenberg Molecular Mechanisms of Cannabinoid Protection from Neuronal Excitotoxicity Mol. Pharmacol., March 1, 2006; 69(3): 691 - 696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. A. Cabral and F. Marciano-Cabral Cannabinoid receptors in microglia of the central nervous system: immune functional relevance J. Leukoc. Biol., December 1, 2005; 78(6): 1192 - 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. G. Ramirez, C. Blazquez, T. G. del Pulgar, M. Guzman, and M. L. de Ceballos Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology by Cannabinoids: Neuroprotection Mediated by Blockade of Microglial Activation J. Neurosci., February 23, 2005; 25(8): 1904 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. B. Rock, G. Gekker, S. Hu, W. S. Sheng, M. Cheeran, J. R. Lokensgard, and P. K. Peterson Role of Microglia in Central Nervous System Infections Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2004; 17(4): 942 - 964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Walter, T. Dinh, and N. Stella ATP Induces a Rapid and Pronounced Increase in 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Production by Astrocytes, a Response Limited by Monoacylglycerol Lipase J. Neurosci., September 15, 2004; 24(37): 8068 - 8074. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Scorticati, J. Fernandez-Solari, A. De Laurentiis, C. Mohn, J. P. Prestifilippo, M. Lasaga, A. Seilicovich, S. Billi, A. Franchi, S. M. McCann, et al. The inhibitory effect of anandamide on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion is reversed by estrogen PNAS, August 10, 2004; 101(32): 11891 - 11896. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Benito, E. Nunez, R. M. Tolon, E. J. Carrier, A. Rabano, C. J. Hillard, and J. Romero Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors and Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Are Selectively Overexpressed in Neuritic Plaque-Associated Glia in Alzheimer's Disease Brains J. Neurosci., December 3, 2003; 23(35): 11136 - 11141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Franklin, S. Parmentier-Batteur, L. Walter, D. A. Greenberg, and N. Stella Palmitoylethanolamide Increases after Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Potentiates Microglial Cell Motility J. Neurosci., August 27, 2003; 23(21): 7767 - 7775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.-T. Samson, A. Small-Howard, L. M. N. Shimoda, M. Koblan-Huberson, A. J. Stokes, and H. Turner Differential Roles of CB1 and CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors in Mast Cells J. Immunol., May 15, 2003; 170(10): 4953 - 4962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Walter, A. Franklin, A. Witting, C. Wade, Y. Xie, G. Kunos, K. Mackie, and N. Stella Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid Receptors Regulate Microglial Cell Migration J. Neurosci., February 15, 2003; 23(4): 1398 - 1405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Esposito, A. Ligresti, A. A. Izzo, T. Bisogno, M. Ruvo, M. Di Rosa, V. Di Marzo, and T. Iuvone The Endocannabinoid System Protects Rat Glioma Cells Against HIV-1 Tat Protein-induced Cytotoxicity. MECHANISM AND REGULATION J. Biol. Chem., December 20, 2002; 277(52): 50348 - 50354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Joyeux, C. Arnaud, D. Godin-Ribuot, P. Demenge, D. Lamontagne, and C. Ribuot Endocannabinoids are implicated in the infarct size-reducing effect conferred by heat stress preconditioning in isolated rat hearts Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 619 - 625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Howlett, F. Barth, T. I. Bonner, G. Cabral, P. Casellas, W. A. Devane, C. C. Felder, M. Herkenham, K. Mackie, B. R. Martin, et al. International Union of Pharmacology. XXVII. Classification of Cannabinoid Receptors Pharmacol. Rev., June 1, 2002; 54(2): 161 - 202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Maccarrone, M. Bari, T. Lorenzon, T. Bisogno, V. Di Marzo, and A. Finazzi-Agro Anandamide Uptake by Human Endothelial Cells and Its Regulation by Nitric Oxide J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 2000; 275(18): 13484 - 13492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
 |
 |
 |
|
 |
 |
 |
